In the case of a finance lease, how does the lessee initially record the lease transaction?

In the case of a finance lease, the lessee initially records the lease transaction by recognizing the right-of-use (ROU) asset and a lease liability. The ROU asset represents the lessee's right to use the underlying asset over the lease term, and it is recorded at the present value of the lease payments to be made over the duration of the lease. Simultaneously, the lease liability, which reflects the obligation to make future lease payments, is also recorded at the present value of those payments.

This approach aligns with the accounting standards for leases, particularly ASC 842, which emphasizes that finance leases are essentially treated as on-balance sheet transactions. As a result, both the asset and liability are recognized at their present values at the commencement date of the lease.

The other options do not accurately reflect the initial recognition process for a finance lease. For instance, recording Cash and Lease Liability suggests a cash transaction, which is not how leases are recorded. Similarly, recognizing Lease Expense relates to the periodic expense recognition during the lease term, not at inception. Lastly, Interest Expense and Cash acknowledgment pertain to the subsequent measurement of the lease liability rather than its initial recognition. Therefore, the appropriate accounting treatment for a finance lease is accurately captured