What is NOT a situation that requires adjusting journal entries?

In this context, the situation that does not require an adjusting journal entry is when cash is received for background checks. Typically, this scenario indicates that the company is providing a service (the background check) in exchange for cash immediately. Since the transaction is straightforward and cash has been received for a service that is performed at that moment, no further adjustments to the accounting records are needed.

In contrast, the other situations involve timing differences between cash transactions and the recognition of revenues or expenses, which do require adjustments. For instance, when cash is paid before expenses are incurred, it indicates a prepayment that needs to be recorded as an asset initially and later adjusted to recognize the expense when incurred. Similarly, receiving cash before fulfilling a performance obligation anticipates revenue recognition adjustments to reflect the obligation to provide the service or product in the future.