What is the treatment of multi-year pledges when they are recognized?

The treatment of multi-year pledges involves recognizing the pledge at its net present value (NPV) on the date it is made. This is because accounting standards instruct that promises to give (such as pledges) should be recorded at their fair value. For multi-year pledges, this means calculating the present value of future cash flows associated with the pledge.

When the pledge is recognized at net present value on the pledge date, it takes into account the time value of money. The future payments are discounted based on an appropriate interest rate to arrive at their present value. This approach provides a more accurate representation of the actual economic benefit expected from the pledge.

Recognition fully at the time of the pledge disregards the time value of money, which is why that approach is not appropriate. Recognizing the pledges at fair value each year as they are earned does not correctly align with how pledges are typically accounted for, as they are not earned separately each year but rather represent a commitment made at a specific point in time. Not recognizing the pledge until cash is received ignores the acknowledgment of the pledge as a promise that has intrinsic value, even before any cash changes hands.

Therefore, recognizing the pledge at its net present value on the pledge date correctly reflects the